2026-05-17T23:12:11Zhttps://www.bilketa.eus/in/rest/oaioai:www.bilketa.eus:ark:/27020/ASJU-13456ALL2025-10-25T06:25:14Z https://www.bilketa.eus/ark:/27020/ASJU-13456Fernández, BeatrizASJU, 134562012-10-15Lan honetan, -(k)i morfema, aplikatibo bat dela proposatuko dut. Aplikatiboa orokorturik dago euskaraz eta ez dago honi dagokionez, diferentzia sintaktiko esanguratsurik hizkeren artean. Alabaina, ipar-ekialdeko hizkeretan, hasierako testigantza idatzietatik, forma analitiko iragankor datibodunetan, hots, draut bezalakoetan -ra morfema arazlea (Lafon 1980 [1944]) ere jasotzen da, gaur egun jada testigantza bizirik ez duen arren. Leizarraga da horren lekukoetako bat. Lan honetan, bada, Leizarragaren sistemako hauek bezalako aditz jokatuak izango ditut mintzagai, eurak baitira arazlea zein aplikatiboa batera erakusten dituzten forma bakarrak. Lanean zehar erakutsiko dudanez, adizki hauetako -ra arazleak kanpo argumentua gaineratzen du egiturara, baina berarekin batera -(k)i aplikatiboa ere badago, eta hau da, hain zuzen, datibo argumentua gaineratzen duena. Aplikatibo hori batzuetan morfologikoki argiro ageri da -ki edo -k gisa, eta besteetan zeharbidez, datibo komunztadura hizkiak antzaldatuz. Azkenik, badira batere adierazgarri morfologikorik ez duten aplikatiboak. Horiexek, aplikatibo isil bati esker sortzen direla proposatuko dut.In this paper, I will propose that the Basque inflectional morpheme -(k)i is an applicative morpheme which 'applies' (dative) object arguments to the structure. This morpheme appears mostly to the left of the root and precedes the dative agreement markers. The applicative strategy to add dative objects is general across Basque varieties, there being no meaningful syntactic differences among them in this area. However, in north-eastern varieties, from the earliest texts, a causative morpheme -ra (Lafon 1980 [1944]) is also attested in ditransitive auxiliary forms (as can be seen in the 16 th century system found in writers such as Leizarraga). This causative morpheme adds an external argument to the structure. As I will show, this causative element combines with the applicative morpheme in Leizarraga's ditransitive forms. In such cases, the applicative can be morphologically realized (as -ki or -k), or alternatively, it can change the phonological shape of the dative agreement markers themselves. Besides, there are some forms which include the causative morpheme but no overt applicative. As dative agreement markers are also found in these forms, I will conclude that a silent applicative is also present in the derivation of these auxiliary forms.https://ojs.ehu.eus/index.php/ASJU/article/view/13456/12050https://ojs.ehu.eus/index.php/ASJU/article/view/13456vignette : https://www.bilketa.eus/in/rest/Thumb/image?id=ark:/27020/ASJU-13456&mat=articleNumbaqCopyright (c) 2015 Anuario del Seminario de FilologĂa Vasca "Julio de Urquijo"-(k)i eta -ra